Sebakeng sa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale tsa khase, haholo-holo ka har'a li-unit tsa maiketsetso tsa ammonia, karolo ea li-catalyst le li-adsorbents e ke ke ea fetisoa. Lisebelisoa tsena ke tsa bohlokoa ho ntlafatseng tšebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, ho ntlafatsa chai, le ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla. Le hoja li-catalyst tsa setso tse kang tšepe le ruthenium esale e le tsona tse ka sehloohong tsa ammonia synthesis, ho hlahlojoa ha lintho tse ling ho ntse ho eketseha, ho tšepisa ho fetola indasteri.

Bohlokoa baLi-Catalysts ho Ammonia Synthesis

Synthetic ammonia, lejoe la motheo la indasteri ea temo, e hlahisoa haholo ka mokhoa oa Haber-Bosch, o kopanyang nitrogen le hydrogen tlas'a khatello e phahameng le mocheso. Li-Catalysts li thusa karabelo ena, li theola haholo mokoallo oa matla le ho eketsa sekhahla sa karabelo. Leha ho le joalo, ha tlhoko ea ammonia e ntse e eketseha, ho na le tlhoko e potlakileng ea ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ena. Mona ke moo tlhahlobo ea li-catalyst tse ling e sebetsang teng.

Li-Catalyst tse Hlahang: Moeli o Mocha

Patlisiso ea morao tjena e totobalitse lintho tse ling tse khothatsang tse ka 'nang tsa feta mekhoa e tloaelehileng. Mohlala, li-transition metal carbides le nitrides li bonts'itse ts'ebetso e makatsang le botsitso tlasa maemo a thata a ammonia synthesis. Lisebelisoa tsena ha li fane feela ka ts'ebetso e phahameng ea catalytic empa hape li fana ka khetho e tsitsitseng haholoanyane ka ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tse ngata tse tala.

Ho feta moo, nts'etsopele ea li-catalyst tsa bimetallic, tse kopanyang litšepe tse peli tse fapaneng, li butse mekhoa e mecha ea ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea matla. Ka ho hlophisa hantle sebopeho le sebopeho sa li-catalyst tsena, bafuputsi ba sibolla mekhoa ea ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea bona, e lebisang ho chai e phahameng ea ammonia le litlhoko tse tlase tsa matla.

Karolo ea li-Adsorbents ho NtlafatsaTs'ebetso ea Catalyst

Hammoho le li-catalysts, li-adsorbents li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea lik'hemik'hale tsa khase. Li sebelisetsoa ho tšoara le ho tlosa litšila ho likhase tsa phepelo, ho netefatsa hore li-catalysts li sebetsa tlas'a maemo a nepahetseng. Ho kopanngoa ha li-adsorbents tse tsoetseng pele ho ka ntlafatsa haholo katleho e akaretsang ea li-unit tsa maiketsetso tsa ammonia. Mohlala, li-zeolite le li-metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) li ntse li batlisisoa bakeng sa bokhoni ba tsona ba ho khetha likhase tse ikhethileng, ka hona li matlafatsa bohloeki ba hydrogen le nitrogen feed.

Tšireletseho le Tšebetso ea Moruo

Ha maikutlo a lefats'e a ntse a tsoela pele, nts'etsopele ea li-catalysts le li-adsorbents ha se phephetso ea tekheniki feela empa hape ke bohlokoa ba moruo. Ho amoheloa ha lisebelisoa tse sebetsang hantle ho ka lebisa ho fokotseheng ha litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso le ho fokotsa mocheso oa carbon, ho ikamahanya le lipakane tsa indasteri bakeng sa mekhoa ea tlhahiso e tala. Ho feta moo, monyetla oa ho tsosolosa le ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsena hape o eketsa lesela le eketsehileng la ts'ebetso, e leng se etsang hore e be likhetho tse khahlehang bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa morao-rao tsa tlhahiso ea ammonia.

Qetello: Setso sa Phetoho

Ho hlahlojoa hali-catalysts tse lingle li-adsorbents ts'ebetsong ea lik'hemik'hale tsa khase, haholo-holo likarolong tsa maiketsetso tsa ammonia, li emela monyetla o moholo oa ho nchafatsa. Ka ho amohela lisebelisoa le mahlale a macha, indasteri e ka ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, ea fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho, le ho fihlela tlhoko e ntseng e hola ea ammonia lefatšeng ka bophara. Ha lipatlisiso li ntse li tsoela pele, bokamoso ba ammonia synthesis bo shebahala bo ts'episa, ka monyetla oa ho ba le lintlafatso tse ka fetolang sebopeho sa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale tsa khase.

Ka bokhuts'oane, leeto le lebisang tlhahisong ea ammonia e sebetsang hantle le e tsitsitseng le ntse le tsoela pele, 'me karolo ea li-catalyst le li-adsorbents e tla ba ea bohlokoa ho tsamaiseng phetoho ena. Ha re ntse re shebile bokamoso, ho kopanngoa ha lisebelisoa tsena tse ncha ho ke ke ha matlafatsa tlhahiso feela empa hape ho tla kenya letsoho ho indasteri e tsitsitseng le e atlehang ea ho sebetsana le lik'hemik'hale.